Bekalu Molla
Mekelle UniversityAyder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Title: Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study on Clinicocytologic Characterization of Lymphadenopathy In Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital
Biography
Biography: Bekalu Molla
Abstract
Back ground; Lymphadenopathy is an abnormal increase in size and /or altered consistency of lymph nodes. Tuberculosisis the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy in developing countries like Ethiopia Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the diagnostic methods in pathology and used as a tool to obtain cells for the morphological diagnosis of numerous lesions.
Objective- This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinicocytologic characteristics of peripheral lymphadenopathies
Methodology- All 1500 cases were retrieved from the Ayder comprehensive teaching hospital record retrospectively from the patients who had presented with superficial lymphadenopathy from January 2017 to June 2018
Result-A total of 1500 lymph nodes were aspirated. Male and female accounts 53.1% and 46.9%, respectivelly.Cervical lymphadenopathy was the most frequent(52%).Most of tuberculosis cases have similar cytologic and clinical diagnosis (87%) but from Secondary tumors only 35% have similar clinical diagnosis and only 5% of Hodgkin’s lymphoma cases are correctly diagnosed clinically. The age group of 21-30 years was the most affected age group while age group above 70 with less frequency. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was the highest (38.5%), reactive (27.1%), malignancy accounts for (15.8%) ,granulomatous lymphadenitis (8.3%) and non-diagnostics accounts about(5.6%).From total cases only 9 repeats of aspiration were done. Most patients with TB are at 21-30 and 31-40 years. Reactive lymphadenitis cases are mostly identified below age of 10 years. Malignancy accounts around 15.8% of the cases commonly with in age group of 60-70 years and males are dominant except in secondary tumors. Most cases with age above 70 are malignant (54%).Most patient with age less than 10years have benign diagnosis.
Discussion –Most of Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients are not correctly diagnosed clinically ,this is most likely because of single or smaller numbers of lymph node and young age of presentation, which limits the clinicians to think malignant lesions.
Conclusion: This study highlighted the various cytomorphological patterns of lymphadenopathy and revealed a huge burden of tuberculous lymphadenitis in this region and 87% cases are correctly diagnosed clinically
This study also shows the importance of repeats of aspiration because it results specific cytologic diagnosis in 89% of cases.
Key words- Fine-needle aspiration, Lymphadenopathy, Benign, Atypical, Malignant,